Unit 5. LANDSCAPES

LANDSCAPES

A LANDSCAPE IS EVERYTHING WE CAN SEE IN AN AREA.

THERE ARE DIFFERENT TYPES OF LANDSCAPE:

NATURAL LANDSCAPES: NATURAL FEATURES. THEY FORM VERY SLOWLY OVER MILLIONS OF YEARS.

MAN-MADE LANDSCAPES: HUMANS HAVE CHANGED THE ENVIRONMENT.

TYPES OF NATURAL LANDSCAPES: INLAND (AWAY FROM THE SEA) AND COASTAL (NEAR THE SEA)

LANDFORMS IN NATURAL INLAND LANDSCAPES:

        MOUNTAINS: LARGE INCLINES OF ROCKY LAND THAT RISE FROM THE GROUND.

PARTS OF A MOUNTAIN: SUMMIT, FOOT AND SLOPE

SUMMIT: TOP OF A MOUNTAIN.

FOOT: BOTTOM OF A MOUNTAIN.

SLOPE: PART BETWEEN THE SUMMIT AND THE FOOT OF A MOUNTAIN.

A GROUP OF MOUNTAINS IS A MOUNTAIN RANGE.

HILLS ARE SMALL ROUNDED ELEVATIONS OF LAND ON PLAINS. HILLS ARE LOWER THAN MOUNTAINS.

PLATEAUS ARE FLAT AREAS OF LAND HIGHER THAN PLAINS (+600m OVER SEA LEVEL).

 VALLEYS ARE AREAS OF LAND BETWEEN MOUNTAINS. THERE ARE USUALLY RIVERS IN VALLEYS.

DEPRESSION: LAND THAT SINKS BELOW THE SURROUNDIND AREA.

PLAINS: WIDE FLAT AREAS < 200m ABOVE SEA LEVEL

LANDFORMS IN NATURAL COASTAL LANDSCAPES:

BAY: WHERE THE SEA EXTENDS INTO THE LAND.

 A LARGE BAY IS A GULF.

BEACH: LOW FLAT AREA OF SAND OR ROCKS NEXT TO THE SEA.

HEADLAND OR CAPE: LAND THAT EXTENDS INTO THE SEA.

CLIFF: A VERY HIGH, STEEP WALL OF ROCK NEXT TO THE SEA.

ISLAND: LAND SURROUNDED BY WATER.

ARCHIPELAGO: GROUP OF ISLANDS.

PENINSULA: LAND SURROUNDED BY WATER ON THREE SIDES.

ISTHSMUS: STRIP OF LAND THAT CONNECTS THE PENINSULA TO THE MAINLAND.

MAN-MADE CHANGES: MADE BY HUMANS

MAN-MADE FEATURES:
INFRASTRUCTURES FOR TRANSPORT: ENABLE COMMUNICATION, HELP INDUSTRY AND ECONOMY, ENCOURAGE TOURISM.

ROADS

MOTORWAYS

RAILWAYS

AIRPORTS AND PORTS

DOCKS

MAN-MADE STRUCTURES TO FORM: ECONOMIC ACTIVITY: CREATE EMPLOYMENT AND NEED FOR SERVICES (SHOPS, HOSPITALS, ETC).

CITY

VILLAGE

FARMING: PRODUCE FOOD.

FARMS WITH ANIMALS:

FIELDS WITH CROPS:

PRODUCTION OF ENERGY: 

NUCLEAR (MINES)

 HYDROELECTRIC (DAMS, RIVER DIVERSION)

THERMOELECTRIC (MINES)

NEGATIVE IMPACTS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT:
URBANIZATION: 

RUBBISH AND WASTE.

DISTRUBS ANIMALS' NATURAL HABITATS

DEFORESTATION

INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITY:
WASTE
CONSUMES ENERGY AND POLLUTES THE ATMOSPHERE AND WATER WHICH HARMS WILDLIFE.
















TRANSPORT:
AIR POLUUTION

NOISE

ENERGY CONSUMPTION

FARMING: 
DEFORESTATION AND POLLUTION (FERTILIZERS).



NON-RENEWABLE ENERGIES POLLUTE THE ENVIRONMENT.

GEOGRAFÍA DE ESPAÑA

RELIEVE:

http://213.0.8.18/portal/Educantabria/ContenidosEducativosDigitales/Primaria/Cono_3_ciclo/CONTENIDOS/GEOGRAFIA/DEFINITIVO%20RELIEVE/Publicar/Pel%C3%ADcula2.swf

LA MESETA CENTRAL OCUPA GRAN PARTE DEL CENTRO DE LA PENÍNSULA IBÉRICA. EN ELLA ENCONTRAMOS EL SISTEMA CENTRAL Y LOS MONTES DE TOLEDO.

LOS MONTES PIRINEOS SEPARAN ESPAÑA DE FRANCIA.

LA CORDILLERA CANTÁBRICA AL NORTE DE LA MESETA.

EL SISTEMA IBÉRICO EN EL ESTE DE LA MESETA.

SIERRA MORENA EN EL SUR DE LA MESETA.