UNIT 8 PREHISTORY

HISTORY

WHAT IS HISTORY?
HISTORY IS THE RECORD OF THE EVENTS THAT HAPPENED IN THE PAST.

TO STUDY HISTORY WE DIVEDE IT IN TWO PERIODS : PREHISTORY AND HISTORY. THESE TWO PERIODS ARE SEPARATED BY THE INVENTION OF WRITING.

TIMELINE OF HISTORY

PREHISTORY

PERIOD OF HISTORY THAT BEGAN WITH THE FIRST HUMANS AND FINISHED WITH WRITING.

PREHISTORY IS DIVIDED INTO TWO PERIODS: 

STONE AGE AND METAL AGES

STONE AGE

PALEOLITHIC

FIRST HUMANS

NOMADS - MOVED AROUND FROM ONE PLACE TO ANOTHER TO HUNT ANIMALS AND COLLECTS PLANTS AND FRUITS (HUNTER-GATHERERS)

TEMPORARY HOUSING: HUTS AND CAVES 

WEAPONS AND TOOLS WERE MADE OF STONE, WOOD AND BONE

DISCOVERY OF FIRE

THEY USED FIRE

TO COOK

TO HAVE HEAT

TO HAVE LIGHT

IN CANTABRIA WE HAVE ALTAMIRA CAVES WHERE WE CAN VISIT ALTAMIRA PAINTINGS (12000-33000 YEARS OLD). THEY WERE DISCOVERED IN 1879 AND REPRESENT ARTWORK IN PALEOLITIC.

NEOLITHIC

SEDENTARY LIFE (FORM SETTLEMENTS NEAR WATER SOURCES)

BEGINNING OF FARMING (CROP FARMING - CULTIVATE LAND - AND LIVESTOCK FARMING - DOMESTICATE ANIMALS-)

WEAPONS AND TOOLS MADE OF STONE AND WOOD

HUMANS MAKE POTTERY FROM CLAY FOR STORAGE

PREHISTORIC CONSTRUCTIONS: STONEHENGE (UK)

BEGINNING OF TRADE (EXCHANGE OF PRODUCTS -BARTER-)

METAL AGES

COPPER AGE

INVENTION OF OVENS TO MELT METALS

STRONGER WEAPONS AND TOOLS WITH COPPER

TASKS WERE DIVIDED IN THE COMMUNITY

DEVELOPMENT OF TRADE WITH THE INVENTION OF THE WHEEL

BRONZE AGE

STRONGER WEAPONS AND TOOLS WITH BRONZE (COPPER + TIN)

IRON AGE

HARDER AND BETTER QUALITY WEAPONS AND TOOLS WITH IRON.

GOLD AND SILVER WERE USED TO MAKE COINS AND JEWELRY

 THOSE WHO HAD METALS WERE WEALTHY

LARGER SETTLEMENTS APPEARED

HISTORY

ANCIENT HISTORY BEGAN WITH THE INVENTION OF WRITING.

OLD CIVILIZATIONS IN IBERIAN PENINSULA

IBERIANS

EAST AND SOUTH EAST OF THE IBERIAN PENINSULA FROM BRONZE AGE.

ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES: FARMING, METALWORK AND TRADE (THEY HAD THEIR OWN CURRENCY)

URBAN SETLEMENTS WITH WALLS FOR PROTECTION (MATERIAL: STONE)

ART IN THE IBERIAN PENINSULA:

LA DAMA DE ELCHE

TORO DE OSUNA

LA CUEVA DE MENGA (ANTEQUERA)

LAS TAULAS (BALEARES)

CELTS

NORTH-WEST AND CENTRAL AREAS OF THE IBERIAN PENINSULA FROM IRON AGE

FORTIFIED VILLAGES (CASTROS) ON HILLS FOR PROTECTION

ROUND HOUSES MADE OF STONE AND STRAW

ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES: FARMING, METALWORK

FIERCE WARRIORS

ART IN THE IBERIAN PENINSULA:

TOROS DE GUISANDO